# SUBSTR

```json metadata
{
  "schema_version": 2,
  "title": "SUBSTR",
  "description": "Returns a substring from a string value.",
  "categories": ["docs","develop","stack","oss","rs","rc","oss","kubernetes","clients"],
  "arguments": [{"display_text":"key","key_spec_index":0,"name":"key","type":"key"},{"display_text":"start","name":"start","type":"integer"},{"display_text":"end","name":"end","type":"integer"}],
  "syntax_fmt": "SUBSTR key start end",
  "complexity": "O(N) where N is the length of the returned string. The complexity is ultimately determined by the returned length, but because creating a substring from an existing string is very cheap, it can be considered O(1) for small strings.",
  "group": "string",
  "command_flags": ["readonly"],
  "acl_categories": ["@read","@string","@slow"],
  "since": "1.0.0",
  "arity": 4,
  "key_specs": [{"RO":true,"access":true,"begin_search":{"spec":{"index":1},"type":"index"},"find_keys":{"spec":{"keystep":1,"lastkey":0,"limit":0},"type":"range"}}],
  "tableOfContents": {"sections":[{"id":"required-arguments","title":"Required arguments"},{"id":"examples","title":"Examples"},{"id":"redis-software-and-redis-cloud-compatibility","title":"Redis Software and Redis Cloud compatibility"},{"id":"return-information","title":"Return information"}]}

,
  "codeExamples": []
}
```

Returns the substring of the string value stored at `key`, determined by the
offsets `start` and `end` (both are inclusive).
Negative offsets can be used in order to provide an offset starting from the end
of the string.
For example, -1 is the last character, -2 is the penultimate character, and so on.

The function handles out of range requests by limiting the resulting range to
the actual length of the string.

## Required arguments

<details open><summary><code>key</code></summary>

The name of the key.

</details>

<details open><summary><code>start</code></summary>

The start offset, zero-based. A negative value counts from the end of the string.

</details>

<details open><summary><code>end</code></summary>

The end offset, zero-based and inclusive. A negative value counts from the end of the string.

</details>

## Examples


redis> SET mykey "This is a string"
OK
redis> GETRANGE mykey 0 3
"This"
redis> GETRANGE mykey -3 -1
"ing"
redis> GETRANGE mykey 0 -1
"This is a string"
redis> GETRANGE mykey 10 100
"string"


## Redis Software and Redis Cloud compatibility

| Redis<br />Software | Redis<br />Cloud | <span style="min-width: 9em; display: table-cell">Notes</span> |
|:----------------------|:-----------------|:------|
| <span title="Not supported">&#x274c; Standard</span><br /><span title="Not supported"><nobr>&#x274c; Active-Active</nobr></span> | <span title="Not supported">&#x274c; Standard</span><br /><span title="Not supported"><nobr>&#x274c; Active-Active</nobr></span> | Deprecated as of Redis v2.0.0. |

## Return information

**RESP2:**

[Bulk string reply](../../develop/reference/protocol-spec#bulk-strings): the substring of the string value stored at key, determined by the offsets start and end (both are inclusive).

**RESP3:**

[Bulk string reply](../../develop/reference/protocol-spec#bulk-strings): the substring of the string value stored at key, determined by the offsets start and end (both are inclusive).